Mango is very popular with the masses due to its wide range of adaptability, high nutritive value, richness in variety, delicious taste, and excellent flavor. It is a rich source of vitamin A and C. The fruit is consumed raw or ripe. Good mango varieties contain 20% of total soluble sugars. The acid content of ripe desert fruit varies from 0.2 to 0.5 % and protein content is about 1 %. It provides great food security.Raw fruits of local varieties of mango trees are used for preparing various traditional products like raw slices in brine, amchur, pickle, murabba, chutney, panhe (sharabat) etc. Presently, the raw fruit of local varieties of mango are used for preparing pickle and raw slices in brine on commercial scale while fruits of Alphonso variety are used for squash in coastal western zone.

Mango trees usually take up to four to five years to bear a commercial crop. Investment in mango production is therefore a long-term proposition. Returns depend not only on yields and prices but also on how cost-effective growers are in managing their orchards. Since the harvest season can be as short as four to five weeks, labour for picking and packing can be a problem if availability of human resources in the future. This should be considered when planning a major new mango project. Mangoes are grown in larger orchards to take advantage of economies of scale resulting in lower production costs. Production costs can be reduced, especially costs of picking, packing, transport, and marketing.

Mango provides financial sustainability to farmers across the world, lifting Farmers out of Poverty one Mango at a Time. The climate models developed as part of the customer engagement in India, China, Indonesia, Egypt, and Pakistan served as a great productivity enhancer for farmers to create or strengthen over 1,000 producer business groups, which handle bulk sales of the fruit. This gave farmers better bargaining power, better prices, and better access to the finance and agricultural tools they needed to keep improving their crops.

Organic mango farming is becoming increasingly popular and promotes the health of the land & the trees while providing a high-quality mango that is nutritious and healthy. The profitability of organic mango farming, despite a high demand and commendable unit value, is dwindling due to artificial shifting of mango production season. The usage of plant growth regulator chemicals by non-organic farming advances and simulates flowering cycle. Thus, advances fruit bud formation and fruit set. The net impact is increasing mango yield at the expense of nature.
The shift in flowering cycle advances market opportunities that organic mango growers forfeit due to late supply of mangoes to the market. Using Hanumayamma’ s Specialty Crop Analytics would prevent non-organic domination of the market and ensure promotion of sustained organic mango farming.

Jaya Shankar Vuppalapati
General Manager, India
Hanumayamma Innovations and Technologies, Inc.,

Among the various climatic factors, temperature, heat waves, drought, rainfall, and humidity have a greater bearing on mango production than irrigation and soils. Furthermore, the production of high quality mango fruit does not depend so much on elevation but on the range of temperatures available. The two important considerations for mango cultivation are a dry period at the time of flowering, varies from region to region, for instance in Malaysia (during the months of April to July) and Kenya (mainly during the months of August to October) and sufficient heat during the time of fruit ripening. Our models heled farmers to meet product qualities and commutment to food processing industries include the coco-cola and other mango processing companies through small farmers.

"No mango, no life" - voice of an Indian farmer

Small farm agriculture is an economic multiplier at the gross root level and has a huge positive influence on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) both globally, and for individual countries. Investing in farmers at the rural level has huge advantages that include overall economic improvement, the reduction of both poverty and economic disparity between the rural and suburban parts of a country, the eradication of social unrest, ensured food security, economic sustainability, and a happier & healthier country overall.

In fact, such positive implications of small farm agriculture have been proven by history; the agricultural sector of the economy had helped our country come out of depression during 1935. Farmers clearly benefited from Roosevelt’s devaluation, according to Hausman. And because farmers were probably less likely to save their extra cash than most companies or other Americans, the overall economy recovered as well.

Recovery from the Great Depression: The Farm Channel in Spring 1933

The depression in the manufacturing industry of the country is due chiefly to the fact that agricultural products generally have been selling below the cost of production, and thereby destroyed the purchasing power in the domestic market of nearly half of all our people. We are going to restore the purchasing power of the farmer.

Forecasting commodity prices plays an important role in terms of decision making regarding forecasted planted/harvested acreage of crops and the financial well being of small farmers. Expected agricultural commodity prices can influence the production decisions of farmers and ranchers on a planted/harvested acreage of crops or inventory of livestock and, thus, affect the supply of agricultural commodities.

Changes in commodity prices also affect a farm’s financial wellbeing. For example, sustained periods of low commodity prices reduce farm revenues and prompt farmers to rely increasingly on credit, making them vulnerable to higher interest rates and other changes in economic conditions. Sustained periods of high commodity prices can contribute to an increase in farm revenues as well as an increase in resilience to changes in economic conditions. Changes to commodity prices also have implications on food security: sustained low prices increase a consumers' ability to purchase adequate quantities of food, while sustained high prices decrease their food security, particularly in developing countries.

The behavior of agricultural product prices is sufficiently unusual and requires special treatment. Agricultural Commodity Markets are sensitive to macroeconomic environment, oil prices,demand/supply, consumer tastes/preferences, adverse climatic conditions, biofuels, stock to use ratios, dollar exchange rates, speculation, food storage, speculative activity, financial markets, fertilizers, trade restrictions, wealth of nations, and other economic conditions. Economic growth, money supply, weather, and inflation have a positive impact on commodity prices (bubbles), while the effect of interest rate is negative.

India is the world's second most populous country and one of the world’s fastest growing major economies since 20001. India is also among the world's largest producers and consumers of a range of crop and livestock commodities. Heat Wave in March 2022 has severely impacted the wheat yield!

Three major states are considered: Uttar Pradesh, Madya Pradesh, and Punjab. Both Utta Pradesh (UP) and Punjab have been credited with Wheat breadbasket of India and Punjab is India's “grain bowl" and the government has encouraged cultivation of wheat and rice here since the 1960s. It is typically the biggest contributor to India's national reserves and the government had hoped to buy about a third of this year's stock from the region.

Wheat is the main cereal crop in India9. The total area under the crop in 2018 is about 29.8 million hectares and it is grown to 31.6 million hectares in 202110. The production of wheat in the country has increased significantly from 75.81 million MT in 2006-07, 94.88 million MT in 2011-12 to a record high of 107.85 million MT in 2019-2011. The productivity of wheat which was 2602 kg/hectare in 2004-05, 3140 kg/hectare in 2011-12, and has increased to 3440 kg/hectare in 2019-20. A major increase in the productivity of wheat has been observed in the states of Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. Higher area coverage is reported from Madhya Pradesh (MP) in recent years

With diverse experience in data analytics, agriculture analytics, and dairy analytics, Hanumayamma Innovations partners with private and public organizations to develop and operationalize climate change analytics to small farmers and agricultural economies to make better informed decisions and ensure agricultural sustainability.
The core concept of sustainability is that lasting success requires an integrated approach to producing food and other products, farm profitability, quality of life for farmers, workers, and communities, and stewardship of natural resources. That is, sustainability requires recognizing and acting upon productivity, as well as economic, social, and environmental goals as a simultaneous set of system attributes.

Sustainable Agricultural Systems Science White Paper U.S. Department of Agriculture

The National Research Council (NRC) report, “Toward Sustainable Agricultural Systems in the 21st Century,” effectively summarized the current state of science and practice in the United States. It documented a considerable, science-based advancement in American agriculture: producing more food and fiber on the same acreage as a century ago with less labor, energy, and water per unit of output and considerably less soil erosion.

Farming is an expensive process that consists of both internal and external expenses; feed, fertilizers, human labor, equipment, finance, operations, security, and transportation are some of these expenses. Fertilizer is a significant expense for most grain farms, although its percentage as a crop expense varies across continents and countries. For example, fertilizer is the leading cause of major debt faced by small farms in India. Additionally, the cost of agricultural fertilizers has a huge influence on the overall yield and production of maize in Malawi.

Predicting the cost of fertilizer would have a multiplier effect on developing economies, and thus a live-saving impact on them as well. To elaborate, fertilizer price prediction would reduce the debt of farmers. A 2018 study conducted by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development in India showed that 52.5 percent of all agricultural households were indebted, in accordance with prevailing banking rules that do not allow farmers who have running loans to borrow more credit. Hence, indebted families in need of credit often push female farmers to take loans, further perpetuating the vicious debt cycle that is now so common across the western Indian region, as well as in many developing countries where farms have plunged into cyclic debt due to the cost of fertilizers and low yield crops . Data released earlier this year showed that India had 93 million microfinance accounts, most of whom were women in self-help groups; a rise of 22 percent from the previous year. Microfinance lending rates are much lesser than those quoted by private money lenders, who thrive in these areas.

Fertilizer Price Predict Model is based on the World Bank Pink Sheet Data. Please note that the Machine Learning model developed considers the variance of Fertilizer Price depend on the demand for Commodities. For instance, more demand of Commodities for example Rice or Wheat exert pressure on production side. This indeed increases the consumption of Fertilizers. Second, on the Supply side, in order to make Fertilizer one of the important component is Crude Oil or Natural Gas (depend on the manufacture technique). By inputting both demand and supply side, we can at least provide Small Farmer on the trend of Fertilizer prices.

As per the World Bank pink sheet data, the following are common Fertilizers used:

• DAP (diammonium phosphate)
• Phosphate rock
• Potassium chloride
• TSP (triple superphosphate)
• Urea

Particularly, risks related to the effects of climate change & weather events on agriculture play an important role in every industry and service sector of the economy. It would be prudent to say that macroeconomic indicators and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has weather event signatures written all-over. To elaborate, the direct impact of weather events can be witnessed in construction, retail, agriculture, oil & gas, entertainment, travel, and public health. The project cost estimation, schedule, delivery, and productivity of business-related activities of the above-mentioned industries depend on the weather. Adaptive analytics is key to understanding and planning for the impacts of weather events on agriculture.

The interplay of commodity models and weather model events coupled with the infusion of ensemble machine learning models serve as the best signal harvesters; they can predict crop yield and provide information regarding the lineage of weather events to mitigate small farmer risk.

Hanumayamma Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence platform analyzes the changes in macroeconomic data, weather data, climate data, and agricultural production and yield data to assess food security patterns and provide actionable insights!

Hanumayamma Dairy Cow Necklace sensors collect real-time data from the field and overlays the changes in weather Á climate patterns to provide just in time recommendations to small farmers.